The result shows at least 27.4% of the heat flux was absorbed by the passive “cooling flux“ under air conditioned status.īinary nitrate (NaNO3-KNO3)/expanded graphite (EG)/ nano-SiO2 composite heat storage materials, used as high-temperature thermal energy storage materials, were prepared by mechanical dispersion method, and the effects of EG and nano-SiO2 additives on thermal properties of compound salts were investigated by SEM (scanning electron microscope), STA (Simultaneous Thermal Analysis) and LFA (Laser Flash Apparatus). A simple method to approximate the “cooling flux” is purposed.
“Cooling flux” is proposed to explain and qualify the passive cooling effect from evapotranspiration on sunny days. Three different heat transfer scenarios in terms of average heat flux inside the green roof are defined: (1) heat transfer from indoor space to the green roof when the indoor-outdoor air temperature difference is relatively small, (2) heat transfer from the green roof to the indoor space when the indoor-outdoor air temperature difference is large, (3) ideal thermal equilibrium scenario that heat flux between green roof and indoor space equal to zero. This study investigated the thermal performance and passive cooling effect of an extensive green roof based on an experiment conducted on sunny days in the summer of 2007, for a room with a green roof and a room with a bare roof under air-conditioned and nonair-conditioned states. The results of the WPO samples validate the suitability of waste palm oil as a feedstock for biodiesel production and other industrial purposes but unsafe for human consumption. Also, the 76 % polyunsaturated fatty acid in NPO became 77 % and 80 % saturated fatty acid for WPOFC and WPOSC respectively. Repeated high temperature frying was found to trigger the change of congealing temperature, density, viscosity 40 oC of NPO from – 10.25 oC, 919.48 kg/m3 and 27.96 mm2 /s respectively to 12.3 oC, 904.3 kg/m3 and 44.25 mm2 /s for WPOFC and 14.7 oC, 913.4 kg/m3 and 38.41 mm2 /s for WPOSC respectively. Neat palm oil (NPO), waste palm oil used to fry fish and chips (WPOFC) and another waste palm oil used to fry sausage and chips (WPOSC) were collected at the point of disposal and subjected to property determination and pyrolysis gas chromatography-mass spectrometer (PYGCMS) analysis. This work compares the properties and fatty acid composition of neat palm oil and waste palm oil samples.
The properties, fatty acid composition and degree of saturation of palm oil are believed to be altered when subjected to repeated high temperature during frying.
0 kommentar(er)
